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1.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 74(4): 354-367, ago. 2022. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407937

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: Las lesiones de grandes vasos del tórax por traumatismo torácico (TTLGV) son un grupo heterogéneo de lesiones con alta morbimortalidad que constituyen un 0,3-10% de los hallazgos en el traumatismo torácico (TT). Objetivos: Describir características, tratamientos y variables asociadas a mortalidad en pacientes hospitalizados con TTLGV. Material y Métodos: Estudio analítico-observacional. Período enero-1981 y diciembre-2020. Revisión de protocolos de TT prospectivos y fichas clínicas. Se clasificaron los TTLGV según American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST), se calcularon índices de gravedad del traumatismo: Injury Severity Score (ISS), Revised Trauma Score Triage (RTS-T) y Trauma Injury Severity Score (TRISS). Se realizó análisis univariado y multivariado con cálculo de Odds Ratio (OR) para variables asociadas a mortalidad. Se usó SPSS25®, con pruebas UMann Whitney y chi-cuadrado, según corresponda. Resultados: de un total 4.577 TT, 97 (2,1%) cumplieron criterios de inclusión. Hombres: 81 (91,8%), edad promedio: 32,3 ± 14,8 años. TT penetrante: 65 (67,0%). Lesión de arterias axilo-subclavias en 39 (40,2%) y aorta torácica en 31 (32,0%) fueron las más frecuentes. Fueron AAST 5-6: 39 (40,2%). Tratamiento invasivo: 87 (89,7%), de éstos, en 20 (20,6%) reparación endovascular, 14 (14,4%) de aorta torácica. Cirugía abierta en 67 (69,1%). Mortalidad en 13 (13,4%), fueron variables independientes asociadas a mortalidad el shock al ingreso (OR 6,34) e ISS > 25 (OR 6,03). Conclusión: En nuestra serie, los TTLGV fueron más frecuentemente de vasos axilo-subclavios y aorta torácica. El tratamiento fue principalmente invasivo, siendo la cirugía abierta el más frecuente. Se identificaron variables asociadas a mortalidad.


Background: Thoracic great vessel injuries in thoracic trauma (TTGVI) are a heterogeneous group of injuries with high morbimortality that constituting 0.3-10% of the findings in thoracic trauma (TT). Aim: To describe characteristics, treatments and variables associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with TTGVI. Methods: Observational-analytical study. Period January-1981 and December-2020. Review of prospective TT protocols and clinical records. TTGVI were classified according to American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST), trauma severity index were calculated: Injury Severity Score (ISS), Revised Trauma Score Triage (RTS-T) and Trauma Injury Severity Score (TRISS). Univariate and multi- variate analysis was performed with calculation of Odds Ratio (OR) for variables associated with mortality. SPSS25® was used, with U Mann Whitney and chi-squared tests, as appropriate. Results: From a total of 4.577 TT in the period, 97 (2.1%) met the inclusion criteria. Males: 81 (91.8%), mean age: 32.3 ± 14.8 years. Penetrating TT: 65 (67.0%). Axillary-subclavian artery lesions in 39 (40.2%) and thoracic aorta in 31 (32.0%) were more frequent. AAST 5-6: 39 (40.2%). Invasive treatment: 87 (89.7%), of these, in 20 (20.6%) endovascular repair, 14 (14.4%) of thoracic aorta. Open surgery in 67 (69.1%). Mortality in 13 (13.4%), shock on admission was independently associated with mortality (OR 6.34) and ISS > 25 (OR 6.03). Conclusión: In our series, TTGVI were more frequent in axillary-subclavian vessels and thoracic aorta. Treatment was mainly invasive, with open surgery being the most frequent. Variables associated with mortality were identified.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/therapy , Thoracic Surgery/methods , Veins/injuries , Radiography, Thoracic/methods , Vascular System Injuries , Endovascular Procedures
2.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 74(3): 303-308, jun. 2022. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407910

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: Presentar dos casos en que se empleó como soporte la circulación extracorpórea (CEC) durante cirugía por traumatismo torácico con lesión de grandes vasos del tórax (TTLGV). Materiales y Método: Se presentan dos casos con TTLGV en que se empleó cirugía con CEC. Resultados: Caso 1; hombre de 31 años con TTLGV por cuerpo extraño (tubo pleural) intracavitario del tronco de la arteria pulmonar izquierda, con entrada a través de parénquima pulmonar, en que se realizó cirugía abierta para retiro de cuerpo extraño más toractotomía pulmonar utilizando CEC como soporte. Caso 2; hombre de 21 años con TTLGV contuso y lesión de aorta en unión sino tubular, en que se realizó cirugía abierta y reemplazo de aorta ascendente con prótesis y uso CEC como soporte. Discusión: El uso de CEC como soporte es una alternativa para sustituir la función cardíaca y/o pulmonar durante cirugías excepcionales de reparación de TTLGV. Conclusión: El uso de técnicas de asistencia circulatoria como soporte durante la cirugía de reparación de TTLGV ocurre en casos muy seleccionados, siendo una alternativa ante lesiones particularmente complejas.


Aim: To present two cases of thoracic trauma with great vessel injury (TTGVI) surgeries where extracorporeal circulation (ECC) was employed. Materials and Method: Two TTGVI cases are presented and ECC during surgery was used in both. Results: Case 1; 31-year-old man with TTGVI due to an intracavitary foreign body (pleural tube) in the left pulmonary artery trunk, which entered through lung parenchyma. An open surgery was performed to remove the foreign body with pulmonary tractotomy using ECC as support. Case 2; 21-year-old man with blunt TTGVI and aortic injury at sinotubular junction. An open surgery with ascending aorta prosthesis replacement was performed, using ECC as support. Discussion: The use of ECC as support is an alternative to replace cardiac and/or pulmonary function during exceptional TTGVI reparation surgeries. Conclusión: The use of circulation assist techniques as support during TTGVI repair surgery occurs in highly selected cases, being an alternative to face very complex injuries.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/therapy , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/diagnosis , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/therapy , Thoracic Injuries/surgery , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/surgery , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Radiography , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
3.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 74(1): 13-21, feb. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388912

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: El traumatismo torácico (TT) es la causa de aproximadamente un cuarto de las muertes por traumatismos. Los pacientes tratados con cirugía por traumatismo torácico (CTT) presentan un amplio espectro de características y pronósticos. Objetivos: Describir características clínicas, indicaciones, temporalidad, morbilidad, mortalidad y las variables asociadas a mortalidad en pacientes con CTT. Materiales y Método: Estudio observacional de pacientes tratados con CTT, período enero-1981 a diciembre-2019. Revisión de protocolos prospectivos de TT y base de datos. Se realizó regresión logística para variables asociadas a mortalidad. Se utilizó SPSS25® con prueba chi-cuadrado para comparar clasificación, tipo de TT y su distribución temporal, considerando significativo p < 0,05. Resultados: En total 808 casos (18,2%) de 4.448 TT requirieron CTT. Fueron hombres 767 (94,9%) y la edad promedio fue 31,5 ± 13,8 años. El traumatismo fue penetrante y por arma blanca en la mayoría de los casos. Fueron politraumatizados 164 (20,3%). La cirugía fue urgente en 474 (58,7%), precoz en 41 (5,0%) y diferida en 293 (36,3%) casos. La mortalidad global fue de 6,7% y fue significativamente mayor en TT contusos, politraumatizados y en cirugía urgente. La mortalidad fue 9,7% en CTT urgente, 4,9% en precoz y 2,0% en diferida (p < 0,001). Se observaron variables independientes asociadas a mortalidad. Conclusión: En nuestra serie, las CTT se realizaron principalmente en hombres jóvenes con TT penetrantes. Correspondieron a un grupo heterogéneo en cuanto a las indicaciones, hallazgos y lesiones intratorácicas y/o asociadas. Múltiples variables demostraron influir significativamente en la mortalidad de los pacientes tratados con CTT.


Background: Thoracic Trauma (TT) is the cause of approximately a quarter of trauma deaths. The patients who undergo Thoracic Trauma Surgery (TTS) present a wide spectrum of characteristics and prognosis. Aim: To describe clinical characteristics, indications, temporality, morbidity, mortality and mortality associated variables in TTS patients. Materials and Method: Observational study of TT hospitalized patients, period January-1981 to December-2019. A review of operation notes and database was done. A logistic regression for mortality associated variables was made. To compare classification, type of TT and its temporal distribution, SPSS25® with chi-square test was used, considering significant p < 0.05. Results: A total of 808 (18.2%) of 4.448 TT patients required TTS, 767 (94.9%) were men with average age: 31.5 ± 13.8. The trauma was penetrating trauma due to a stab in most cases, 164 (20.3%) were polytraumatized. The surgery was urgent in 474 (58.7%), early in 41 (5.0%) and delayed in 293 (36.3%) cases. The global mortality was 6.7% and was significantly higher in the blunt TT, polytrauma, urgent and early surgery patients. Mortality in urgent TTS was 9.7%, early 4.9% and 2.0% in delayed (p < 0.001). Independent variables associated with mortality were observed. Conclusions: In our series, TTS were performed mainly in young men with penetrating TT. The group was heterogeneous regarding surgical indications, findings and intrathoracic or associated injuries. Multiple variables showed to influence significantly on mortality in patients who underwent TTS.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/therapy , Thoracic Surgery/methods , Thoracic Injuries/epidemiology , Mortality , Thoracic Wall/anatomy & histology , Thoracic Wall/physiology
4.
In. Pedemonti, Adriana; González Brandi, Nancy. Manejo de las urgencias y emergencias pediátricas: incluye casos clínicos. Montevideo, Cuadrado, 2022. p.69-85, ilus, tab.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1525424
5.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 43(2): 145-147, Feb. 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1156090

ABSTRACT

Abstract Transmediastinal gunshot wounds (TGWs) may lead to life-threatening injuries of vital organs such as large vessels, the esophagus, and lungs. Although they are not commonly encountered in pregnant women, additional caution should be given to these patients. Physical examination for the diagnosis and the choice of treatment modality contain controversial points in hemodynamically stable patients, and resuscitation has excessive importance due to physiological changes in pregnancy. We present a hemodynamically stable 26-week pregnant woman brought to the emergency department for TGW. She had a 1-cm diameter of bullet entrance hole on the right anterior 4th intercostal space, 2 cm lateral to the sternum, and a 3-cm diameter exit hole on the right posterior 12th intercostal space on the midscapular line.With our conservative approach, she had an uncomplicated pregnancy period, and gave birth to a healthy baby at term.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Wounds, Gunshot/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications/therapy , Pregnancy Trimester, Second , Resuscitation , Thoracic Injuries/therapy , Wounds, Gunshot/therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Emergency Service, Hospital , Hemodynamics
6.
Neumol. pediátr. (En línea) ; 11(4): 185-192, oct. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-835079

ABSTRACT

Thoracic trauma is the second cause of death for trauma in children. It is caused by mechanisms of high energy, principally motor vehicle collision. Multisystemic injuries are frequent. Management involves knowledge and understanding the anatomy, physiologyand the mechanism of the injuries, their change at different ages and the difference from adults. Pediatric chest trauma is caused mainly by contusion and there is increasing penetrating trauma in adolescents. The most common injuries are pulmonary contusion, hemothorax and pneumothorax with rib fractures. Airway, great vessels and heart injuries are rare but very serious. Most of thoracic injuries are solved by respiratory and hemodynamic support measurements, and tube thoracostomy. It is vital to recognize, in initial evaluation, those potentially lethal injuries, which give no time for radiological evaluation.


El traumatismo torácico es la segunda causa de muerte por trauma en niños. Es causado por mecanismos de alta energía, principalmente accidentes de tránsito, siendo frecuentes las lesiones multisistémicas, lo que aumenta su gravedad. Un manejo adecuado requiere conocer y entender como la anatomía, fisiología y los patrones de las lesiones cambian a distintas edades y difieren del comportamiento en adultos. Los traumatismos de tórax pediátricos son mayormente contusos aumentando los traumatismos penetrantes en adolescentes. Las lesiones más comunes son la contusión pulmonar, hemotórax, neumotórax y fracturas costales las cuales pueden coexistir. Las lesiones de vía aérea, corazón y grandes vasos son raras pero muy graves. La mayoría de los traumatismos torácicos se resuelven con medidas de soporte hemodinámico, respiratorio y drenaje pleural. Es vital reconocer en evaluación inicial aquellas lesiones potencialmente letales, que no dan tiempo a evaluación radiológica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/therapy , Hemothorax , Pneumothorax , Thoracostomy , Thoracic Injuries/classification
7.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 55(2): 0-0, abr.-jun. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-791490

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el trauma torácico constituye una causa frecuente de mortalidad temprana y tardía que ocurre en 25 por ciento del total de lesionados. Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento clínico-epidemiológico de los lesionados con diagnóstico de hemoneumotórax traumático. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, longitudinal retrospectivo, que incluyó 357 lesionados con diagnóstico de hemoneumotórax traumático, ingresados en el servicio de cirugía general del Hospital Universitario General Calixto García desde el 1 de enero de 2012 hasta 31 de diciembre de 2014. Se incluyeron variables como: edad, sexo, causa del trauma, atención médica prehospitalaria y hospitalaria, índice de gravedad de la lesión, lesiones asociadas, estadía hospitalaria y estado al egreso. Resultados: predominó el sexo masculino (78,1 por ciento ) y la edad de 20 a 39 años (26,0 por ciento ). Los accidentes de tránsito fueron la principal causa del trauma y la gravedad se incrementó por la presencia de traumas raquimedulares y choque hipovolémico. Los lesionados clasificados como moderados según el índice de gravedad de la lesión fueron 53,3 por ciento. Los lesionados que llegaron al hospital una a dos horas de ocurrido el trauma fueron 41,2 por ciento. La estadía hospitalaria con mayor número de egresados vivos fue entre cuatro y cinco días. Los fallecimientos ocurrieron en su mayoría después de los siete días. Las lesiones asociadas y la descompensación de las enfermedades crónicas fueron las responsables del mayor número de fallecidos (n= 46 12,9 por ciento). Conclusiones: las características clínico-epidemiológicas de los lesionados con hemoneumotórax traumático coinciden con las reportadas por estudios nacionales e internacionales(AU)


Introduction: thoracic trauma is a common cause for early and late mortality, occurring in 25 percent of all injured patients. Objective: to characterize the clinical and epidemiological behavior of the injured patients with traumatic hemo-pneumothorax. Methods: a descriptive, retrospective, longitudinal study was carried out, involving 357 injured patients diagnosed with traumatic hemo-pneumothorax and admitted to the general surgery service at General Calixto García University Hospital from January 1, 2012 until December 31, 2014. The variables included were age, sex, cause for trauma, pre-hospital and hospital care, severity rate of injury, associated injuries, hospital stay and discharge status. Results: there was a predominance of males (78.1 percent ) and of ages 20-39 years (26.0 percent ). Traffic accidents were the main cause for trauma and severity increased by the presence of hypovolemic shock trauma and spinal cord injuries. According to the injury severity index, 53.3 percent of the injured patients were classified as moderate. 41.2 percent of the injured patients arrived at the hospital 1-2 hours after the trauma. The hospital stays for highest number of admitted alive was between four and five days. The deaths occurred mostly after seven days. Associated injuries and decompensation of chronic diseases were causes for the largest amount of deaths (12.9 percent , n= 46). Conclusions: the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the injured patients with traumatic hemo-pneumothorax match those reported by national and international studies(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data , Pneumothorax/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/complications , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/mortality
8.
Hosp. Aeronáut. Cent ; 10(1): 54-9, jun. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-834615

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las fracturas costales son lesiones frecuentes en los traumatismos torácicos cerrados. Las mismas causan característicamente dolor intenso, complicaciones respiratorias y ausentismo laboral significativo. Una de las estrategias terapéuticas es la estabilización quirúrgica del foco de fractura, la cual tiene múltiples ventajas como la disminución del dolor y la restauración de la función de la pared costal. Objetivos: Presentar un caso de reparación costal múltiple con Osteosíntesis con placas y tornillos de titanio y discutir sus indicaciones, sus características técnicas y las ventajas clínicas observadas. Caso Clínico: Paciente femenina de 84 años que sufre traumatismo torácico cerrado. Presenta fracturas del 6to, 7mo, 8vo y 9no arco costal posterior izquierdo. Requirió reducción del estómago y epiplón herniados, rafia del diafragma y osteosíntesis costal. Discusión: Series internacionales reportan que los traumatismos torácicos cerrados presentan hemotórax, neumotórax o ambos, y que el número de muertes, lesiones asociadas y morbilidad se correlaciona con el número de fracturas costales. Clásicamente las indicaciones de fijación de los trazos fracturarios es la presencia de fragmentos intracavitarios, la impactación y laceración pulmonar, la hernia pulmonar y como tratamiento del dolor agudo, asimismo, la evidente deformidad estética y en muchas ocasiones condicionado a la necesidad de toracotomía por otra razón.


Introduction: Rib fractures are common lesions in blunt chest trauma. Chest wall trauma characteristically causes intense pain,respiratory complications and long-term disability. Pain relief andchest wall function restoration are obtained by surgicalstabilization of rib fractures. Nowadays there is a considerablevariability in surgical techniques and devices, as well as in theirresults and clinical indications.Objectives: To report a case of multiple rib repair osteosynthesiswith titanium plates and screws and discuss its indications, itstechnical characteristics and the observed clinical benefits.Case Report: 84 years old female patient suffering blunt chesttrauma. Presents fractures of the 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th costal archleft rear. It required reduction of herniated stomach and omentum, diaphragm raffia and rib osteosynthesis.Discussion: international series report that chest blunt traumausually presents hemothorax, pneumothorax or both, and that the number of deaths and injuries associated morbidity correlates with the number of rib fractures. Classically the indications for ribfixation are the presence of intra cavitary ribs fragments, laceration and lung impaction, lung herniation and acute pain asalso evident in many aesthetic deformity conditioned onoccasions need for thoracotomy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Fracture Fixation, Internal/trends , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/rehabilitation , Thoracic Injuries/therapy
9.
Rev. guatemalteca cir ; 21(1): 3-8, 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-869915

ABSTRACT

Dentro del abordaje diagnóstico del trauma torácico se cuenta con múltiples auxiliares diagnósticos, entre ellos el ultrasonido FAST extendido a tórax (EFAST). Para la detección de hemo o neumotórax, la radiografía de tórax ha demostrado una sensibilidad de 69% y especificidad de 76%, con la tomografía la sensibilidad y especificidad se acercan al 100%. El EFAST ha demostrado una sensibilidad del 92-100%, aun realizado por médicos no radiólogos Objetvo: evaluar la sensibilidad y especifcidad del ultrasonido torácico extendido (EFAST) dentro de la práctca en la atención de emergencia en elservicio de emergencia en el Hospital Roosevelt Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptvo, tansversal de pacientes que ingresaron con trauma cerrado y penetrante en tórax a quienes se les realizóEFAST, radiografa de tórax y tomografa torácica Resultados: De 16 pacientes, 13 (81.25%) fueron hombres y tres (18.75%) mujeres. 11 (68.75%) con trauma contuso y 5 (31.25%) con trauma penetrante.El grupo de edad más afectado fue el comprendido entre los 18 a 45 años. De los 16 estudios realizados, nueve (56.25%) fueron califcados comopositvos para neumotórax, observándose el signo de la estratosfera en los nueve casos (100%); el resultado fue corroborado con radiografa de tórax ytomografa. Un paciente presentó alteraciones tomográfcas compatbles con hemoneumotórax que no fueron detectadas por ecografa; procediendoa colocación de tubo de toracostomía cerrada de manera inmediata. Los 7 pacientes restantes no tuvieron evidencia de lesión torácica por EFAST ni enlos estudios complementarios (radiografa, tomografa o EFAST de control) ni durante el seguimiento clínico. Conclusión: Durante la experiencia inicial el EFAST demostró ser sufcientemente sensible y específco para detectar neumotórax.


Background: The diagnosis of hemothorax or pneumothorax is established with chest radiography (sensitvity 69%, specifcity 76%) or computed tomography(sensitvity and specifcity near 100%). Studies have shown that EFAST has 92-100 % sensitvity even for non-radiologists. The aim of this studywas to determine sensitvity and specifcity of EFAST in the emergency department of Roosevelt Hospital.Methods: All patents admited from January to July 2015, with blunt or penetratng chest trauma were included in this study. They underwent EFAST,chest radiography and thoracic computed tomography.Results: Sixteen patents were analyzed, 13 (81.25%) were men, 11 (68.75%) presented blunt trauma and 5 (31.25%) penetratng trauma. The age groupwas from 18 to 45 years old. Of the 16 studies performed, 9 (56.25%) were classifed as positve for pneumothorax by EFAST, stratosphere positve signwas present in all of them; results were corroborated with chest radiography and tomography. One patent presented tomographic signs of hemo-pneumothoraxthat was not detected by ultrasound. The remaining 7 patents did not have evidence of thoracic injury with EFAST, chest radiography, thoracictomography or during clinical follow-up.Conclusions: During inital experience, EFAST demonstrates to be sensitve and specifc enough to detect pneumothorax.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tomography/methods , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/therapy , Ultrasonics/methods
10.
Acta méd. costarric ; 56(3): 125-127, jul.-sep. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-715378

ABSTRACT

El término quilotórax se refiere a la presencia de quilo en el espacio pleural, es usualmente secundario a la ruptura del conducto torácico, a una se sus ramas o debido a alguna alteración del flujo del quilo. Algunas de sus causas: son trauma, neoplasias, misceláneas e idiopáticas. Está asociado a una alta morbilidad y mortalidad. Su manejo puede ser conservador o quirúrgico...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Chylothorax/surgery , Chylothorax/complications , Chylothorax/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/etiology , Costa Rica
11.
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2013; 29 (1): 58-63
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-127036

ABSTRACT

Thoracic trauma is a common cause of significant morbidity and mortality. This study presents a series of thoracic trauma with the aim to assess epidemiologic features, distribution of pathologies, additional systemic injuries, diagnosis, management and outcome. Between January 2007 and December 2011, all patients with thorax trauma admitted to the emergency service of our hospital were retrospectively reviewed with respect to age, gender, etiological factors, distribution of pathologies, additional systemic injuries, diagnosis, treatment modalities, referral and outcome. A total of 1139 patients with thorax trauma were included in the study. Of these, 698 [61.3%] were male and 441 [38.7%] were female, and the average age was 54.17 +/- 17.39 years. 1090 [95.7%] of the patients had blunt trauma, whereas 49 [4.3%] had penetrating trauma. Etiological factors were falls in 792 [69.5%], motor vehicle accidents in 259 [22.8%], animal related accidents in 39 [3.4%] and penetrating injuries in 49 [4.2%] patients. It was found that 229 [20%] patients had single, 101 [8.9%] had double, 5 [3%] had three or more, 10 [0.9%] had bilateral rib fractures and 19 [1.7%] had sternal fracture. Pneumothorax was diagnosed in 58 [5.1%] patients, whereas hemothorax, hemopneuomothorax and other system injuries were diagnosed in 36 [3.2%], 38[3.3%] and 292 [25.6%] respectively. In our series, thirteen patients [mortality rate 1.1%] died as result of hemorrhagic shock [n=8], respiratory distress [n=3] and severe multiple trauma [n=2]. Although majority of the patients with thorax trauma receive treatment as outpatients; thoracic traumas may be a life threatening condition, and should be identified and treated immediately. Mortality varies based on etiological factors, additional systemic pathologies, capabilities of the hospital especially diagnostic and treatment facilities in emergency services. We believe that a multidisciplinary approach to the patients with severe thorax trauma, and the opportunities of emergency bedside thoracotomy in emergency services will significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Emergency Service, Hospital , Thoracic Injuries/epidemiology , Thoracic Injuries/pathology , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Rib Fractures , Pneumothorax , Hemothorax , Hemopneumothorax , Retrospective Studies , Disease Management
12.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 64(6): 1478-1482, Dec. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-660213

ABSTRACT

Relatou-se um caso clínico de dermatite multifatorial em cão, envolvendo Demodex canis, Sporothrix schenckii e bactérias dos gêneros Staphylococcus e Streptococcus. O animal, macho, da raça Pit Bull, com um ano e três meses de idade, apresentou lesões úmidas, hiperêmicas, descamativas e ulcerativas nas regiões do pescoço e do tórax. Exames laboratoriais confirmaram o diagnóstico de infecção concomitante por fungo, bactéria e parasito. A terapia antimicrobiana com moxidectina, itraconazol e amoxicilina foi efetiva, com remissão dos sinais clínicos após 30 dias de tratamento. Este relato salienta a importância do diagnóstico de certeza, que foi determinante para estabelecimento da terapêutica adequada e recuperação do animal.


A clinical case of dermatitis multifactorial in a dog was reported, involving Demodex canis, Sporothrix schenckii, and bacteria of the genera Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. The animal, male, Pit Bull, with a year and three months of age had soaked lesions, was hyperemic, scaly and had an ulcer in the neck and chest. Laboratory tests confirmed the diagnosis of concomitant infection by fungi, bacteria and parasites. Antimicrobial therapy with moxidectin, itraconazol and amoxicillin was effective, with remission of clinical signs after 30 days of treatment. This report emphasizes the importance of an accurate diagnosis, which was crucial to establish the correct treatment and recovery of the animal.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Dermatitis/epidemiology , Dermatitis/therapy , Dermatitis/veterinary , Sporotrichosis/veterinary , Skin Diseases , Infections/veterinary , Neck Injuries/diagnosis , Neck Injuries/veterinary , Sporothrix , Staphylococcus , Streptococcus , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/veterinary
13.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 18(3): 276-279, mayo 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-616749

ABSTRACT

Caso único de meningioma ectópico en un varón de 46 años, que se supone el primer informe de tumor primario ectópico multifocal en distintas regiones anatómicas del cuerpo humano. Se discuten los aspectos clínicos e histológicos de estas lesiones.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Meningioma/complications , Meningioma/diagnosis , Meningioma/physiopathology , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/therapy , Histological Techniques
14.
Acta méd. costarric ; 52(1): 26-29, ene. - mar. 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-581052

ABSTRACT

Analizar lo útil que ha sido el desarrollo de la torascopía en el Hospital Dr. Rafael A. Calderón Guardia. Materiales y métodos: Con el fin de valorar la experiencia adquirida con la cirugía mínimamente invasiva del tórax durante los primeros 10 años, se estudiaron los datos clínicos de 788 pacientes tomados de una base de datos del Servicio de Cirugía de Tórax, desde marzo de 1999 a marzo del 2009. Resultados: Se encontró que durante el período de 10 años un 25 por ciento de las intervenciones del servicio se realizaron por torascopía. Este porcentaje subió a un 49 por ciento durante los dos últimos años del período estudiado. Se analizaron los expedientes clínicos de los pacientes que fueron sometidos a procedimientos diagnósticos o a resecciones tumorales. En el 97.4 por ciento de los pacientes que fueron intervenidos con fines de diagnóstico se obtuvo el mismo; los tumores que resultaron de más difícil diagnóstico, fueron los del mediastino, en dos de los cuales el patólogo solicitó un espécimen más grande. No se realizaron procedimientos mayores por este método. No se dio ningún caso de mortalidad. El porcentaje de conversión fue de un 2.6 por ciento y de este 20 por ciento fue por sangrado y 80 por ciento para realizar un procedimiento mayor. Conclusión: El procedimiento de torascocopia ha revolucionado el campo de la medicina, en donde antes se utilizaban métodos como la toracotomía para cirugías menores, esto ha permitido realizar intervenciones y procedimientos complejos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran resultados satisfactorios para el paciente y de gran utilidad para la institución.


To analyze the usefulness of VAT Surgery at the Dr. Rafael A. Calderón Guardia Hospital. Materials and Methods: With the purpose of assessing the experience acquired with thepractice of VAT Surgery during the first 10 years, clinical data of 788 patients treated via thoracoscopic procedures at the Thoracic Surgery Department via, from March 1999 to March 2009, was studied. Results: During this 11 year period, 25% of the department’s surgical procedures were performedvia a thoracoscopic approach; however, during the last 2 years of this percentage increased to 49%. Clinical records of patients that underwent diagnostic procedures or resections of neoplasms were analyzed. Diagnosis was obtained in 97.4% of patients subjected to diagnostic procedures.Tumors that were more difficult to diagnose were those of the mediastinum, in 2 of these casesthe pathologist requested a larger sample. No major procedures were performed by this method. There was no mortality. The conversion percentage was of 2.6%, in 20% was because of bleeding and in 80% in order to perform a major procedure. Conclusion: Thoracoscopy has revolutionized the field of medicine, superseding previousapproaches such as a toracotomy for simpler procedures, allowing surgeons to perform complex operationts with lesser morbidity. The results obtained show both satisfaction for patients andusefulness for the institution.


Subject(s)
Humans , Thoracoscopy , Thorax/physiopathology , Thoracic Injuries/surgery , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Costa Rica
15.
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research. 2010; 11 (4): 325-331
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-143628

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to assess the etiology, diagnosis, treatment methods, surgical findings, postoperative results and necropsy findings of seventeen cases of thoracic trauma by evaluating medical records. A car accident, falling down, stabbing and bites were identified as the causes of trauma. Diagnosed pathologies in the cases included pneumothorax, hemothorax, pulmonary contusion, lung lobe collapse or eventration, rib fractures, etc. The treatment methods employed in these cases were medical therapy, thoracocentesis, tube thoracostomy, lateral intercostal thoracotomy, median sternotomy and thoracic wall revisions. Atelectasis, rupture, laceration or contusion of the lung lobes, pulmonary artery rupture, rib fracture and etc. were the surgical findings. Overall, seven dogs and four cats recovered completely. Two dogs were euthanized due to other pathologies including multisegmental lumbar fracture, paraplegia and postpneumonectomy syndrome. Three dogs and a cat died during treatment management. The necropsies revealed that the animals had pulmonary artery and tracheobronchial ruptures. The cat also had sudden onset cardiac arrest during surgery. In conclusion, cases with thoracic trauma should be assessed closely and managed with the necessary emergency and surgical procedures


Subject(s)
Animals , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/etiology , Thoracic Injuries/surgery , Thoracostomy , Thoracotomy , Dogs , Cats
16.
East Cent. Afr. j. surg. (Online) ; 15(1): 124-129, 2010.
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1261494

ABSTRACT

Background: Chest trauma is common and its pattern varies in different places. Majority of patients are managed mainly conservatively. Tube thoracostomy is a simple procedure but it is associated with significant number of complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical pattern and its management at Muhimbili National Hospital. Methods: A hospital based prospective study of all consecutive patients admitted with chest trauma at Muhimbili National Hospital between November 2007 and September 2008. Clinical assessment and chest x-ray findings were used to diagnose and to evaluate any complications associated with chest tubes using a structured questionnaire. Results: The majority (95/119) of patients were males. Their age ranged from 12 to 72 years with the mode of 32 years. Motor traffic injury (MTI) was the commonest cause of chest trauma accounting for 72.3of the cases. Rib fractures were the most clinical type of chest injury and accounted for about 42.9of cases. Blunt chest injuries were more common (75.6) than penetrating injuries. Seventy three (61.3) patients had other associated injuries; in which fracture of extremities (25.2) and head injury (21.8) were the commonest. Sixty seven (56.3) patients were treated with closed tube thoracostomy only. The overall complication rate of the chest tubes was 32.9of which infection (24.7) and nonfunctional tubes (17.4) were the commonest. High mortality rate of 24.2was recorded. Conclusion: The clinical pattern and the management of chest injuries in this study was similar with many other series of study; however; the rate of closed tube thoracostomy remained high with many and avoidable complications


Subject(s)
Risk Factors , Thoracic Injuries/complications , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/etiology
17.
Rev. méd. hondur ; 77(3): 114-117, jul.-sept. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-564448

ABSTRACT

La fractura esternal se observa cada vez más frecuentemente y se asocia a politraumatismo. Se reporta la casuística de 13 pacientes con diagnóstico de fractura esternal que ingresaron a la Emergencia de Cirugía del Hospital Escuela entre el 1 de enero de 1996 y el 30 de noviembre de 2008. La frecuencia de fractura en pacientes con trauma cerrado de tórax fue de 1.22%. El 77% de los casos eran del sexo masculino. Todos los pacientes sufrieron traumatismo cerrado de tórax; en 77% de los casos la fractura fue secundaria a accidente automovilístico y en 23% se debió a impacto directo por precipitaciones de poca altura. Nueve pacientes (69%) fueron manejados quirúrgicamente en forma temprana. La evolución postoperatoria fue satisfactoria en todos los casos disminuyendo significativamente el dolor de acuerdo al sistema de evaluación de síntomas de Edmonton y mejoró la función respiratoria en forma inmediata, resolviendo totalmente a corto plazo. Los cuatro casos no sometidos a cirugía presentaron dolor crónico y discapacidad ventilatoria en forma prolongada. La frecuencia de fractura esternal en el contexto de traumatismo cerrado de tórax fue similar a lo reportado en la literatura y la buena evolución de los pacientes intervenidos apoya el beneficio del manejo quirúrgico...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Sternum/injuries , Fractures, Closed/complications , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Hospitals, Teaching , Emergency Medical System
18.
Medical Journal of Mashad University of Medical Sciences. 2009; 51 (4): 209-214
in Persian | IMEMR | ID: emr-92091

ABSTRACT

Complications like chronic diaphragmatic hernia thoracoabdominal stab wound following conservative treatment, make it necessary to find a safe and exact diagnostic method. The aim of this work was to assess, accurate diagnostic value of thoracoscopy in occult diaphragmatic injuries in penetrating thoracoabdominal stab wound. In the present prospective study, from March 2005 to October 2007 at Ghaem, Emam Reza and Shahid Kamyab Hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, thirty patients with penetrating thoracoabdominal injuries, with stable hemodynamic and no need to emergent exploration were evaluated. They underwent thoracoscopy to evaluate probable diaphragmatic injuries, which were repaired via thoracoscopy or laparatomy and all patients evaluated for chronic diaphragmatic hernia by CT-scan, 6 months later. Mean age was 26.2 years and M/F ratio was 5:1. In thoracoscopic evaluations five hidden diaphragmatic injuries [16.7%] were observed, that 3 cases [9.9%] were repaired through thoracoscopic approach and laparatomy was inevitable in 2 [6.6%] patients. Lung paranchymal laceration was seen in 2 patients [6.6%], repaired with thoracoscopy and intra abdominal injury was seen in 1 patient [3.3%], repaired with loparatomy. No complication reported after thoracoscopy and there was no evidence of chronic diaphragmatic hernia in the chest and abdominal CT-scan performed 6 months later. In this study, the diagnostic accuracy of thoracoscopy in occult diaphragmatic injuries was 100%. Because of high diagnostic accuracy rate, and minimal invasively diagnostic and treatment ability of thoracoscopy, this diagnostic method in all clinically stable patients with penetrating thoracoabdominal stab wound is recommended


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/diagnosis , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/therapy , Abdominal Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Laparotomy , Lung Injury , Prospective Studies , Wounds, Penetrating
19.
Col. med. estado Táchira ; 17(4): 18-23, oct.-dic. 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-531308

ABSTRACT

El objetivo principal con el que se realiza la presente investigación es conocer la incidencia de traumatismo facial en pacientes adultos del Hospital Dr. Patrocinio Peñuela Ruíz, San Cristóbal-Edo. Táchira entre los años 2003 y 2007, así mismo entre los objetivos específicos se encuentran investigar el/o los grupos etéreos principales afectados, conocer la distribución de pacientes por sexo , determinar las etiologías del traumatismo facial en los pacientes estudiados, identificar los hallazgos al examen físico de ingreso a nivel facial en la población afectada, conocer cuáles otros segmentos corporales de los pacientes es estudio presentaron alteración, además determinar el número de pacientes en los cuales se mantuvo una conducta conservadora y aquellos en los cuales se necesita el abordaje quirúrgico. El presente estudio corresponde a una investigación de tipo retrospectivo , observacional, no experimental; para la realización de éste se emplearon historias clínicas de donde se obtuvieron los datos necesarios. Entre los hallazgos más importantes se encontró que la mayoría de los pacientes afectados son hombres entre 21 y 40 años de edad, se trasladaron en moto, los cuales al momento de sufrir traumatismo facial presentando la mitad de ellos traumatismo craneoencefálico leve concomitante y la mayoría de los mismos traumatismo abdominal cerrado; de igual forma en la mayor parte de los pacientes no fue necesario implementar una conducta quirúrgica, lo cual permitió el egreso de la mayoría en un lapso menor de una semana.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Physical Examination/methods , Skull Fractures , Tibial Fractures/diagnosis , Patella/injuries , Abdominal Injuries , Facial Injuries/surgery , Facial Injuries/diagnosis , Facial Injuries/etiology , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Accidents, Traffic , Medical Records , Incidence , Motor Vehicles
20.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 37(1)ene.-mar. 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-499362

ABSTRACT

Las lesiones torácicas que amenazan la vida se producen por el daño a las estructuras vitales que se encuentran en su interior. Con el propósito de exponer el diagnóstico y las medidas terapéuticas en entidades como la obstrucción de vía aérea, el taponamiento cardiaco y el tórax inestable, apoyado en las mejores pruebas encontradas en la literatura mediante una búsqueda en el periodo de junio de 2005 a octubre de 2006 realizada con el localizador de información en salud en las bases de datos en línea EBSCO, LILACS, Cochrane Library y Medline, esta última con el gestor personal de base de datos EndNote 7, así como en revistas especializadas, libros de consulta y, con el motor de búsqueda de Google, se evaluaron los trabajos que permitieron realizar recomendaciones soportadas por el nivel de evidencia clasificadas por la Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.


The life threatening thoracic lesions are produced by the damage to the vital structures being inside them. Aimed at exposing the diagnosis and the therapeutical measures in entities such as the airways obstruction, cardiac tamponade and unstable thorax, supported by the best evidences found in literature through a search conducted from June 2005 to October 2006 with the health information localizer in the EBSCO, LILACS, Cochrane Library and Medline on-line databases (the latter was possible by using the EndNote 7 database personal manager), as well in specialized journals, consultation books, and with Google search engine, the papers that permitted to make recommendations supported by the level of evidence classified by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality were evaluated.


Subject(s)
Humans , Evidence-Based Medicine/methods , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/epidemiology , Thoracic Injuries/mortality
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